Pay and tax guides
Short explanations of how Australian pay and tax work, each with worked examples from our calculators and a link to try your own figures.
Tax basics
- How income tax works in Australia
Tax brackets, the tax-free threshold, offsets and the Medicare levy, with the tax on common salaries worked out.
Tax time
- How much tax will I get back?
How your refund is worked out, why some people get money back and others owe, and when it arrives.
- Tax return checklist
Everything to gather before you lodge: income, deductions and their records, and the details the ATO asks for.
Deductions
- The $1,000 standard deduction
The new $1,000 deduction for work expenses from 2026–27: who gets it, what reduces it, and when claiming more is worth it.
- Work from home and car expenses
Claiming working from home and work car trips: the rates, the records you need, and how they fit with the standard deduction.
Pay and work
- Why your bonus looks over-taxed
Why so much tax comes out of a bonus, what you really pay on it for the year, and how much comes back.
- How many fortnights in a year?
Why some years have 27 fortnightly paydays, how to tell if yours does, and what it means for your pay and tax.
- How Australian payslips work
What every line on your payslip means, what the law says it must show, and how to check it is right.
- How penalty rates and overtime are taxed
Why weekend, night and overtime pay seems to lose more to tax, what you really pay, and which of it earns super.
- Contractor vs employee tax
How tax, super, GST and leave differ between employees and contractors, and the day rate it takes to match a salary.
Super, cars and HECS
- Salary sacrifice explained
How salary sacrificing into super works, what it saves at different incomes, and the caps and catches to know.
- Novated leases and FBT explained
How a novated lease works, why electric cars are FBT-free, and what a lease really costs in take-home pay.
- Super contributions guide
Every way money gets into super: employer, salary sacrifice, personal and after-tax contributions, the caps and government extras.
- HECS-HELP repayments explained
How compulsory HECS-HELP repayments are worked out, how indexation works, and when paying extra makes sense.
Looking for a number rather than an explanation? See all calculators.